Ko ngā parahanga e tukuna ana ko te nuinga: kohu peita me ngā whakarewa waro i hangaia e te peita rehu, me ngā whakarewa waro i hangaia i te wā e whakamaroke ana. Ko te kohu peita e ahu mai ana i te wāhanga o te paninga whakarewa i roto i te rehu hau, ā, he rite tōna hanganga ki te paninga e whakamahia ana. Ko ngā whakarewa waro e ahu mai ana i ngā whakarewa me ngā mea whakaranu i roto i te tukanga whakamahinga o ngā paninga, ko te nuinga he tukunga pupuhi, ā, ko ō rātou parahanga matua ko te xylene, te benzene, te toluene me ētahi atu. Nō reira, ko te pūtake matua o te hau para kino e tukuna ana i roto i te paninga ko te rūma peita rehu, te rūma whakamaroke me te rūma whakamaroke.
1. Tikanga tukatuka hau para o te raina whakaputa motuka
1.1 Kaupapa maimoatanga o te hau para waro i roto i te tukanga whakamaroke
Ko te hau i tukuna mai i te rūma whakamaroke hiko, te paninga reo me te paninga mata no roto i te hau para pāmahana teitei me te kukū teitei, he mea e tika ana mō te tikanga tahunga. I tēnei wā, ko ngā tikanga maimoatanga hau para e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te tukanga whakamaroke ko: te hangarau waikura wera whakaora (RTO), te hangarau tahunga catalytic whakaora (RCO), me te pūnaha tahunga wera whakaora TNV.
1.1.1 Hangarau whakapūmau wera momo rokiroki wera (RTO)
Ko te kaiwhakaora wera (Whakaora Wera Whakaora, RTO) he taputapu tiaki taiao penapena pūngao mō te rongoā i ngā hau para waro ngawari me te iti o te kukū. He pai mō te nui o te rahinga, te kukū iti, he pai mō te kukū hau para waro i waenga i te 100 PPM-20000 PPM. He iti te utu whakahaere, ina neke atu i te 450 PPM te kukū hau para waro, kāore e hiahiatia te taputapu RTO ki te tāpiri wahie āwhina; he teitei te tere purenga, ka taea e te tere purenga o te RTO moenga rua te eke ki runga ake i te 98%, ka taea e te tere purenga o te RTO moenga toru te eke ki runga ake i te 99%, ā, kāore he parahanga tuarua pēnei i te NOX; whakahaere aunoa, whakahaere ngāwari; he teitei te haumaru.
Ka whakamahia e te taputapu whakahāngai wera whakaora te tikanga whakahāngai wera hei rongoā i te kukū waenga me te iti o te hau para waro, ā, ka whakamahia te whakawhiti wera moenga rokiroki wera uku hei whakaora i te wera. He mea tito mai i te moenga rokiroki wera uku, te takirere whakahaere aunoa, te rūma mura me te pūnaha whakahaere. Ko ngā āhuatanga matua ko: ko te takirere whakahaere aunoa i raro i te moenga rokiroki wera e hono ana ki te paipa matua whakauru me te paipa matua putanga, ā, ka rongoatia te moenga rokiroki wera mā te whakamahana i te hau para waro e haere mai ana ki te moenga rokiroki wera me te rauemi rokiroki wera uku hei mimiti me te tuku i te wera; ka whakahāngaihia te hau para waro kua whakamahanahia ki tētahi pāmahana (760℃) i roto i te mura o te rūma mura hei whakaputa i te hauhā me te wai, ā, ka purea. Ko te hanganga matua RTO moenga-rua noa he rūma mura kotahi, e rua ngā moenga tākai uku me ngā takirere whakawhiti e whā. Ka taea e te whakawhiti wera moenga tākai uku whakaora i roto i te taputapu te whakanui ake i te whakaora wera neke atu i te 95%; Kāore, he iti rānei te wahie e whakamahia ana i te wā e rongoā ana i te hau para waro.
Ngā Painga: He iti rawa te utu whakahaere mō te whakahaere i te rere nui me te kukū iti o te hau para waro.
Ngā ngoikoretanga: he nui te haumi kotahi-wā, he teitei te pāmahana tahunga, kāore e pai mō te tukatuka i te kukū tiketike o te hau para waro, he maha ngā wāhanga neke, me nui ake ngā mahi tiaki.
1.1.2 Hangarau tahunga whakakorikori wera (RCO)
Ka whakamahia tika te taputapu tahunga whakakorikori whakaora (Regenerative Catalytic Oxidizer RCO) ki te purenga hau para waro kukū waenga me te kukū teitei (1000 mg/m3-10000 mg/m3). He tino pai te hangarau maimoatanga RCO mō te hiahia nui mō te tere whakaora wera, engari he pai hoki mō te raina whakaputa kotahi, nā te mea he rerekē ngā hua, he maha ngā huringa o te hanganga hau para, he nui rānei te rerekētanga o te kukū hau para. He tino pai mō te hiahia mō te whakaora pūngao wera o ngā umanga, mō te whakamaroke rānei i te maimoatanga hau para o te raina matua, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i te whakaora pūngao mō te whakamaroke i te raina matua, kia tutuki ai te kaupapa o te penapena pūngao.
Ko te hangarau maimoatanga tahunga whakakorikori whakaora he tauhohenga āhua hau-totoka noa, ko te waikura hohonu o ngā momo hāora tauhohe. I roto i te tukanga waikura whakakorikori, mā te mimiti o te mata o te whakakorikori ka whakanuia ngā ngota tauhohenga ki te mata o te whakakorikori. Mā te pānga o te whakakorikori ki te whakaiti i te kaha whakahohe ka tere ake te tauhohenga waikura, ka whakapai ake hoki i te tere o te tauhohenga waikura. I raro i te mahi a te whakakorikori motuhake, ka puta te matū waro me te kore he tahunga waikura korekore i te pāmahana tīmatanga iti (250~300℃), ka pakaru ki te hauhā waro me te wai, ā, ka tukuna he nui te kaha wera.
Ko te nuinga o te taputapu RCO he mea hanga mai i te tinana oumu, te tinana rokiroki wera whakaterenga, te pūnaha mura, te pūnaha whakahaere aunoa, te takirere aunoa me ētahi atu pūnaha. I roto i te tukanga whakaputa ahumahi, ka uru te hau putanga waro kua tukuna ki te takirere hurihuri o te taputapu mā te pā hau whakaoho, ā, ka wehea katoatia te hau tomo me te hau putanga mā te takirere hurihuri. Tata te rokiroki pūngao wera me te whakawhiti wera o te hau ki te pāmahana i whakatakotoria e te waikura whakaterenga o te paparanga whakaterenga; ka haere tonu te wera o te hau putanga mā te wāhi whakamahana (mā te whakamahana hiko, mā te whakamahana hau māori rānei) ā, ka mau tonu ki te pāmahana kua whakatakotoria; ka uru ki te paparanga whakaterenga hei whakaoti i te tauhohenga waikura whakaterenga, arā, ka whakaputahia e te tauhohenga te hauhā me te wai, ā, ka tukuna he nui o te pūngao wera hei whakatutuki i te pānga maimoatanga e hiahiatia ana. Ka uru te hau i whakaterengahia e te waikura ki te paparanga rauemi uku 2, ā, ka tukuna te pūngao wera ki te hau mā te takirere hurihuri. I muri i te purenga, he paku teitei ake te pāmahana putanga i muri i te purenga i te pāmahana i mua i te maimoatanga hau para. Ka mahi tonu te pūnaha, ā, ka huri aunoa. Mā te mahi takirere hurihuri, ka oti i ngā paparanga whakakī uku katoa ngā mahi huringa o te whakamahana, te whakamatao me te purenga, ā, ka taea te whakahoki mai i te pūngao wera.
Ngā Painga: he ngāwari te rere o te tukanga, he iti ngā taputapu, he pono te whakahaere; he nui te pai o te purenga, neke atu i te 98% te nuinga; he iti te pāmahana mura; he iti te haumitanga whakakorekore, he iti te utu whakahaere, ā, ko te pai o te whakaora wera ka eke ki te neke atu i te 85%; ko te tukanga katoa me te kore he wai para, kāore te tukanga purenga e whakaputa i te parahanga tuarua NOX; ka taea te whakamahi i ngā taputapu purenga RCO me te rūma whakamaroke, ka taea te whakamahi anō i te hau kua purea ki te rūma whakamaroke, hei whakatutuki i te kaupapa o te penapena pūngao me te whakaiti i ngā tukunga;
Ngā Huakore: ko te taputapu tahunga whakakorikori he mea tika anake mō te tukatuka i te hau para waro me ngā wāhanga waro iti te pāmahana kohua me te ihirangi pungarehu iti, ā, kāore e tika te tukatuka hau para o ngā matū piri pēnei i te paowa hinu, ā, me paitini te whakakorikori; ko te kukū o te hau para waro kei raro iho i te 20%.
1.1.3TNV Pūnaha tahunga wera momo hangarua
Ko te pūnaha tahunga wera momo hangarua (Tiamana Thermische Nachverbrennung TNV) he whakamahinga o te hau, te wahie rānei e tahu tika ana i ngā para hau kei roto te whakarewa waro. I raro i te mahi a te pāmahana teitei, ka pakaru ngā ngota whakarewa waro ki te hauhā me te wai. Mā te whakamahi i te hau wera pāmahana teitei hei tautoko i te tukanga whakaputa whakamahana taputapu whakawhiti wera maha-wāhanga, me hiahia te hau, te wai wera rānei, ka pakaru katoa te hau hau para waro ki te wera, ka whakaitihia te whakapaunga pūngao o te pūnaha katoa. Nō reira, he huarahi whai hua, he huarahi pai hoki te pūnaha TNV ki te rongoā i ngā para hau kei roto ngā whakarewa waro ina nui te kaha wera e hiahiatia ana i roto i te tukanga whakaputa. Mō te raina whakaputa paninga peita hiko hou, ko te pūnaha tahunga wera whakaora TNV te tikanga whānui.
E toru ngā wāhanga o te pūnaha TNV: te pūnaha whakamahana me te tahunga o mua i te hau para, te pūnaha whakamahana hau hurihuri me te pūnaha whakawhiti wera hau hou. Ko te taputapu whakamahana pokapū tahunga hau para i roto i te pūnaha te wāhanga matua o te TNV, e titoa ana e te tinana oumu, te rūma mura, te whakawhiti wera, te mura me te takirere whakahaere paipa matua. Ko tana tukanga mahi: mā te pane hau pēhanga teitei ka tukuna te hau para waro mai i te rūma whakamaroke, i muri i te tahunga hau para i te taputapu whakamahana pokapū kua hangaia ki roto i te whakawhiti wera, ka tukuna ki te rūma mura, kātahi ka whakamahana mā te tahu, i te pāmahana teitei (tata ki te 750℃) ki te hau para waro ka pirau, ka pirau te hau para waro hei hauhā me te wai. Ka tukuna te hau para pāmahana teitei i hangaia mā te whakawhiti wera me te paipa hau para matua i roto i te oumu. Ka whakamahana te hau para kua tukuna i te hau hurihuri i roto i te rūma whakamaroke hei whakarato i te kaha wera e hiahiatia ana mō te rūma whakamaroke. Ka whakatakotoria he taputapu whakawhiti wera hau hou ki te pito o te pūnaha hei whakahoki mai i te wera para o te pūnaha mō te whakaora whakamutunga. Ka whakamahanahia te hau hou e tāpirihia ana e te rūma whakamaroke ki te hau para, kātahi ka tukuna ki te rūma whakamaroke. Hei tāpiri, he takirere whakahaere hiko anō hoki kei runga i te paipa hau para matua, e whakamahia ana hei whakarite i te pāmahana hau para i te putanga o te taputapu, ā, ka taea te whakahaere i te tukunga whakamutunga o te pāmahana hau para i te 160℃.
Ko ngā āhuatanga o te taputapu whakamahana pokapū tahu hau para ko: ko te roa o te noho o te hau para waro i roto i te rūma tahunga he 1~2 hēkona; ko te tere pirau o te hau para waro he neke atu i te 99%; ka taea e te tere whakaora wera te eke ki te 76%; ā, ko te ōwehenga whakarerekētanga o te putanga mura ka eke ki te 26 ∶ 1, tae atu ki te 40 ∶ 1.
Ngā Huakore: he nui ake te utu whakahaere ina tukatukahia te hau para waro iti-kukū; kei te mahi tonu te whakawhiti wera ngongo, he roa te ora.
1.2 Kaupapa maimoatanga o te hau para waro i roto i te rūma peita rehu me te rūma whakamaroke
Ko te hau e tukuna ana mai i te rūma peita rehu me te rūma whakamaroke he iti te kukū, he nui te rere me te pāmahana rūma para hau, ā, ko te hanganga matua o ngā poke he hauwaiwaro kakara, he waipiro etera me ngā whakarewa waro etera. I tēnei wā, ko te tikanga tawhito kē atu ko: ko te kukū tuatahi o te hau para waro hei whakaiti i te nui katoa o te hau para waro, me te tikanga mimiti tuatahi (waro whakahohe, zeolite rānei hei mimiti) mō te mimiti iti o te wera o te peita rehu pāmahana rūma, me te tango hau pāmahana teitei, ka whakamahi i te mura catalytic, te mura wera whakaora rānei i te hau putanga kukū.
1.2.1 Pūrere mimiti--whakakore me te purenga waro whakahohe
Mā te whakamahi i te waro whakahohe o te honikoma hei ngongo, ka honoa ki ngā mātāpono o te purenga mimiti, te whakaora tango me te kukū o te VOC me te mura catalytic, he nui te rahinga hau, he iti te kukū o te hau para waro mā te mimiti waro whakahohe o te honikoma hei whakatutuki i te kaupapa o te purenga hau, ina mākū te waro whakahohe, kātahi ka whakamahia te hau wera hei whakaora i te waro whakahohe, ka tukuna te mea waro kukū kua mimitia ki te moenga mura catalytic mō te mura catalytic, ka waikurahia te mea waro ki te hauhā me te wai kore kino, ka whakamahanahia e ngā hau putanga wera kua wera te hau matao mā te whakawhiti wera, ka tukuna ētahi o te hau whakamatao i muri i te whakawhiti wera, he wāhanga mō te whakaora tango o te waro whakahohe o te honikoma, hei whakatutuki i te kaupapa o te whakamahi wera para me te penapena pūngao. Ko te taputapu katoa he mea tito mai i te tātari-mua, te moenga mimiti, te moenga mura catalytic, te ātete mura, te pā hau, te takirere, me ētahi atu.
Ko te taputapu horoi waro whakahohe e hangaia ana kia rite ki ngā mātāpono matua e rua o te mimiti me te tahunga whakakorikori, mā te whakamahi i te ara hau rua e mahi tonu ana, he rūma tahunga whakakorikori, e rua ngā moenga mimiti e whakamahia ana. Tuatahi, ka mimiti te hau para waro ki te mimiti waro whakahohe, ina tere te mākū ka mutu te mimiti, kātahi ka whakamahia te rere o te hau wera hei tango i ngā mea waro mai i te waro whakahohe kia puta ai te whakaoranga waro whakahohe; kua whakakorikoria te mea waro (he maha ngā wā teitei ake i te taketake) ka tukuna ki te rūma tahunga whakakorikori, ka tahuna te hauhā waro ki te hauhā me te tukunga mamaoa wai. Ina eke te kukū o te hau para waro ki te neke atu i te 2000 PPm, ka taea e te hau para waro te pupuri i te mura ohorere i roto i te moenga whakakorikori me te kore e whakamahana i waho. Ka tukuna tetahi wāhanga o te hau putanga mura ki te āhuarangi, ā, ko te nuinga ka tukuna ki te moenga mimiti hei whakaora i te waro whakahohe. Ka taea e tēnei te whakatutuki i te mura me te mimiti o te kaha wera e hiahiatia ana, kia tutuki ai te kaupapa o te penapena hiko. Ka taea e te whakaoranga te uru ki te mimiti e whai ake nei; I roto i te tangohanga, ka taea te mahi purenga mā te whakamahi i tētahi atu moenga tangohanga, e tika ana mō te mahi tonu me te mahi wā poto.
Te mahi hangarau me ngā āhuatanga: te mahi pumau, te hanganga māmā, te haumaru me te pono, te penapena pūngao me te penapena mahi, kāore he parahanga tuarua. He iti te wāhi e kapi ana i ngā taputapu, ā, he mama. He tino pai mō te whakamahi i roto i te rahinga nui. Ko te moenga waro whakahohe e mimiti ana i te hau para waro ka whakamahia te hau para i muri i te tahunga whakatere hei whakaora i te tango, ā, ka tukuna te hau tango ki te rūma tahunga whakatere hei purenga, me te kore he pūngao o waho, ā, he nui te pānga penapena pūngao. Ko te ngoikoretanga he poto te waro whakahohe, ā, he nui te utu whakahaere.
1.2.2 Pūrere horoi mimiti---mimiti mō te wira whakawhiti zeolite
Ko ngā wāhanga matua o te zeolite ko: te silicon, te konumohe, me te kaha mimiti, ka taea te whakamahi hei mimiti; ko te zeolite runner he mea whakamahi i ngā āhuatanga o te zeolite motuhake me te kaha mimiti me te kaha mimiti mō ngā poke waro, kia taea ai e te hau putanga VOC me te kukū iti me te kukū teitei te whakaiti i te utu whakahaere o ngā taputapu maimoatanga whakamutunga. Ko ōna āhuatanga taputapu he pai mō te maimoatanga o te rere nui, te kukū iti, kei roto he momo waahanga waro. Ko te ngoikoretanga he nui te haumi wawe.
Ko te taputapu horoi-whakaurunga zeolite runner he taputapu horoi hau e taea ai te mahi tonu i te mahi mimiti me te mimiti. Ka wehea ngā taha e rua o te wira zeolite kia toru ngā wāhanga e te taputapu hiri motuhake: te rohe mimiti, te rohe mimiti (whakahoutanga) me te rohe whakamatao. Ko te tukanga mahi o te pūnaha ko: ka hurihuri tonu te wira hurihuri zeolite i te tere iti, ka rere mā roto i te rohe mimiti, te rohe mimiti (whakahoutanga) me te rohe whakamatao; ina haere tonu te hau putanga iti me te nui o te hau mā roto i te rohe mimiti o te runner, ka mimitihia te VOC i roto i te hau putanga e te zeolite o te wira hurihuri, ka tukuna tika i muri i te mimiti me te horoi; ka tukuna te whakarewa waro e mimitihia ana e te wira ki te rohe mimiti (whakahoutanga) me te hurihanga o te wira, kātahi ka whakamahana tonu te hau mā roto i te rohe mimiti, ka whakaohohia te VOC e mimitihia ana ki te wira ki te rohe mimiti, ka tukuna te hau putanga VOC me te hau wera. Ka taea te mimiti anō i te wira ki te wāhi whakamatao hei whakamatao, mā te huri tonu o te wira hurihuri, ka mahia te huringa mimiti, te mimiti, me te whakamatao, kia mau tonu ai te mahi o te tukatuka hau para.
Ko te taputapu zeolite he mea whakapūmau, ā, e rua ngā wāhanga o te hau putanga kei roto te whakarewa waro: te hau ma ka taea te tuku tika atu, me te hau hangarua kei roto te whakarewa waro nui. Ko te hau ma ka taea te tuku tika atu, ā, ka taea te hangarua i roto i te pūnaha whakapūhauhautanga hau peita; ko te kukū teitei o te hau VOC he tata ki te 10 ngā wā o te kukū VOC i mua i te urunga ki te pūnaha. Ka tukatukahia te hau kukū mā te tahunga pāmahana teitei mā te pūnaha tahunga wera whakaora TNV (me ētahi atu taputapu rānei). Ko te wera e puta mai ana i te tahunga ka whakamahanahia mā te whakamahana rūma whakamaroke me te whakamahana tango zeolite, ā, ka whakamahia katoatia te kaha wera hei whakatutuki i te hua o te penapena pūngao me te whakaiti i ngā tukunga.
Te mahi hangarau me ngā āhuatanga: he hanganga māmā, he ngāwari te tiaki, he roa te ora ratonga; he pai te mimiti me te tango i te hau, ka huri i te nui o te hau taketake me te hau para VOC kukū iti ki te nui o te hau me te hau para kukū teitei, ka whakaiti i te utu o ngā taputapu maimoatanga whakamutunga; he tino iti te hekenga pēhanga, ka taea te whakaiti i te whakapaunga hiko; te whakarite pūnaha whānui me te hoahoa modular, me te iti rawa o te wāhi e hiahiatia ana, me te whakarato i te aratau whakahaere tonu me te kore tangata; ka taea te eke ki te paerewa tukunga motu; ka whakamahia e te adsorbent te zeolite kore-mura, he haumaru ake te whakamahinga; ko te ngoikoretanga he haumi kotahi te wā me te utu nui.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-03-2023
