He kohinga a Surley ongā tukanga maimoatanga mua me te electrophoresis Whare rehu oumu pūnaha kawe paepae whakamātautau kaukau hangarau tiaki taiao Ngā Taputapu teihana mahikāhua katoa i roto i te toa kotahi.
Te Whakamaroke Oumu Ngaio mō te Oumu Wera
Whakaahuatanga Hua
Hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o te tahora tukanga, me whai whakaaro ki te momo rūma whakamaroke hei penapena i te whakapaunga pūngao, hei whakaiti i te rerekētanga pāmahana i roto i te wāhi whakamaroke whai hua o te rūma whakamaroke, hei penapena wāhi me ngā rauemi, hei watea hoki te tāutanga me te kawe i ngā taputapu me te āheinga o te whakahou i ngā taputapu a muri ake nei.
Kia urutau ai ki ngā hiahia o te tukanga peita me te tahora papatahi te whakarōpūtanga o te rūma whakamaroke peita aunoa, he maha ngā momo me ngā āhua o te rūma whakamaroke peita aunoa, ko te tikanga he whakarōpūtanga e ai ki te whakamahinga o te āhua o te pūtake wera me te tikanga whakamahana.
Ōumu
Ko te hanganga o te rūma whakamaroke he rūma whakamaroke e hono ana ki te pūnaha whakamaroke i ngā pito e rua o te anga whakauru me te putanga o te pūnaha whakawhiti wera hiko me te pūnaha tuhi pāmahana. Ko te rūma whakamaroke (e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te hongere) he mea hanga mō te anga whakamahana rūma maroke i roto i te pūnaha hiko me whai mahi uta, ka taea te kawe uta me te paipa hau; Mō te thermodynamics, me pai te whakamahana wera, kāore he "piriti wera", ā, he pai te piriti hau o te pakitara o roto; He ngāwari te tiaki me te horoi, ka taea te tere te tāuta; Ko te hanganga o te rūma whakamaroke ka taea te whakawhānui he hanganga pereti tāke. Ka whakarewahia te rūma whakamaroke ki roto i te wāhanga pokepokea roa 6M, 9m rānei i roto i te wheketere, kātahi ka haria ki te whakarewa wāhi ki roto i te rūma tunua (ka taea te whakakotahi i te huinga), ka taea e tēnei hanganga te whakarite i te mahi o runga ake nei, ā, he pai ake i te hanganga o te panera, inā koa te mahi hiri hau me te whakamahana wera kia eke ki te āhua tino pai.
Nā te mea he teitei ake te pāmahana o te wāhi whai hua o te rūma whakamaroke i te pāmahana o waho me ngā taputapu e karapoti ana, ki te kore he tikanga tiaki motuhake, ka tukuna he nui te hau wera me te mamaoa, ā, ka uru mai te hau makariri ki te tomokanga me te putanga o te rūma whakamaroke i ngā pito e rua o te taputapu tiaki, e toru ngā āhua:
1)whakatūria te hiki ki runga, ki raro rānei, kia tata rānei te whakatuwhera i te tatau o te oumu (e tika ana mō te whakamaroke wā poto anake)
2)Momo koki ki roto i te putanga (rūma whakamaroke momo piriti) me te hiki poutū ki roto i te putanga ("momo rūma whakamaroke") te papa o runga o te rūma whakamaroke ki waho i te taha, te whakamahinga o te hau wera he mama ake i te hau matao hei whakamahana i te whakamahana.
3)I roto i te rūma whakamaroke, whakatūria he ārai hau ki roto i te putanga. Mō te hanganga motuhake o ngā pito tomo me te putanga o te rūma whakamaroke. Pūnaha whakawhiti wera i roto i te umanga hanga motuka, ko te nuinga o te rūma whakamaroke paninga he pūnaha whakamahana irahiko me te pūnaha whakamahana kawe. E rua ngā momo mata tuku wera irahiko ko te whakamahi i ngā huānga irahiko whakamahana tika (ngā huānga irahiko me te pereti irahiko whakamahana hau paowa), e whakatakotoria ana i roto i te wāhi whakamahana whakamahana rūma whakamaroke, inā koa i roto i te paninga whakamaroke. I roto i te take o te peita whakaoti, ka whakamahia te whakamahana irahiko ki te wāhi whakamahana o te rūma maroke, ka taea te whakarite kia kore he puehu me ngā whakaritenga teitei, ā, ka taea hoki te karo i te kawe puehu ki te whānuitanga teitei. Ko te whakawhiti wera he kawe mā te hau e rere ana, ā, ko tōna painga he uaua te āhua o te whakamahana, he tino ōrite te tohatoha pāmahana. Ko te whakamahana o te hau e rere ana mā te whakamahana hiko, te whakawhiti wera rānei (ko te tikanga me te hau paowa pāmahana teitei, te mamaoa rānei hei reo whakamahana) te pā me te paipa e rere ana, me ētahi atu, me te tere hau i roto i te rūma whakamaroke, ko te tere hau noa i te putanga o te paipa he (5 ~ 10)m/s.
Ngā āhuatanga o te oumu Surley
1. Ko te hoahoa modular, he ngāwari ki te hanga me te tāuta, he poto ake te wā hanga.
2. Mā te whakawhiti wera whai hua ka teitei ake te pāmahana o te rohe i te pāmahana o te tinana o te waka, kia pai ai te whakamahinga o te wāhi me te whakaiti i te utu whakahaere.
3. Ka whakaitihia te tiaki nā te hoahoa māmā me te pono.
4. Kāore he wāhanga e kitea nuitia ana, e kohia ana hoki te puehu, he māmā noa iho te horoi.
5. Whakanuia te nui o te hau e rere ana, kia ōrite ai te pāmahana huri noa i te waka kia pai ai te tunu o ia wāhanga o te waka.
